Trees are one of the best ways to prevent climate change, as they take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen. Millions of trees have been destroyed in rainforests and to provide wood and paper (although you can make paper from post-consumer waste or hemp – which makes wonderful non-acid paper that never yellows). Whether you plant trees in your garden or in your community, the benefits are immense. Trees:
- Give out oxygen
- Reduce heat island effect (increased temperatures)
- Result in lower crime rates
- Give homes to birds & wildife
- Give food to humans, birds & wildlife!
- Help buffer noise and wind
- Help to prevent floods
See make your garden safe for pets to know toxic plants, mulch etc to avoid (fruit pips & seeds are toxic to pets). Use humane safe slug & snail deterrents and no-dig garden methods. Also see safer alternatives to netting for wildlife. Many trees (including oak and yew) are toxic to horses. RHS has information on planting trees near buildings, to avoid blocked drains and lifted roots.
The Tree Book is an enchanting illustrated journey into the astonishing diverse world of trees. The intricate world of leafy woodlands and abundant rainforests is reveals in this visual guide to trees, looking at their ecological importance and enduring importance. From ancient oaks and great redwoods to lush banyans and imposing kapoks, this book reveals the anatomy, behaviour and beauty of trees, for budding botanists.
Plant a Tree and Retree the World looks at why trees help to fight climate change and restore clean air to our cities, and also covers the huge mental health benefits of trees in both urban and rural ecosystems. Ben Raskin looks how trees regulate temperature and clean pollution, which kind of soil different trees need, and how to pollard a tree, to maintain a high-growth rate. Plant trees in your backyard, park, community or school. There are tips on growing saplings from seed, cuttings or grafting, plus guidance on care and maintenance, weeding, mulching and pruning. Plus a guide to 40 trees appreciated for their fruits and nuts, ornamental value and the role they play in supporting wildlife. Learn how to recognise trees from the leaf shape, flowers, seeds and fruits.
The Orchard Book is a guide to plant and maintain a wildlife-friendly fruit orchard, distilled from 20 years of experience. Whatever your garden size or budget, this shows how to maximise your harvest and minimise your outlay. The book covers:
- Rootstocks and fruit varieties
- Planting plants
- Maintenance and pruning
- Propagation
- Harvesting
- Storing
- Preserving the harvest
Wade’s passion for the history and heritage of fruit trees is infectious. Let him draw you into a world of apples and pears, walnuts and cobnuts, cherries and plums, and of ancient varieties like quince, medlar and mulberry, and even of juicy apricots, figs and peaches. Imaging having organic fruit all year round from your own little nature haven.
Why Our Cities Need More Trees
Our cities need more trees for so many reasons, as well as towns and villages. Tree give out oxygen and take in carbon dioxide, so chopping down trees (considering climate change) could now be considered ecocide. Obviously if you have to chop a tree down to move it elsewhere for safety, that’s a different story.
But we now have a mad world where England’s second oldest pear tree was chopped down to make way for HS2, a high-speed train that will kill 22,000 wildlife a year, and all independent environmentalists says it won’t do anything to to stop climate change. The new stations will be airport hubs (?) while old rolling stock in the rest of the country needs upgrading.
If planting trees, see toxic plants to avoid near pets (also avoid cocoa/pine/rubber mulch and fresh compost near pets). Fruit trees & pips are toxic to pets, as are many trees (including oaks with acorns and yew) to horses. Never grow indoor trees/foliage near windows, to help stop birds flying into windows.
A Forest in the City discusses the problems that city trees face like abundance of concrete, poor soil and challenging light conditions. It traces the history of trees in cities over time, and how it was only after Dutch Elm Disease, that people values the trees. What we need are more trees, not chopping them down to build trains. Trees help in so many ways to make urban areas better:
- They help to prevent crime (proven fact)
- They stop heat island effect (higher temperatures lead to boiling hot pavements, not even safe for dog paws)
- They buffer the wind
- They help to prevent floods, by soaking up water
- It makes places more pleasant to live
- Give homes to native wildlife
Provide free fruit. Incredible Edible has volunteers plant free fruit and nut trees (started in Yorkshire, now worldwide). You simply pick up an apple from a tree, on your way home from work. London’s Orchard Project (also now nationwide) trains people to plant and maintain orchards, also to provide free food for the community.
It’s interesting that in Vancouver, they have a massively higher amount of trees per person than say Sheffield (a city with the same population). Over there, the trees are planted and then volunteers are chosen to maintain them, and reports are sent in of any issues. In Portland (Oregon), bioswales are built to help (along with trees) the run-off of water from heavy rainfall, and this helps stop pollution and prevent floods.
London Is a Forest, as it has as many trees (8 million) as people, and under UN law, this classes it as a city forest. You may beg to disagree if you live on a treeless housing estate, but it’s a forest city all the same. The most popular trees in London are sycamore, oak and silver birch. They not only are beautiful and help to clear the air, but they also reduce ‘heat island effect’, which means London is often hotter than most areas in high summer. This can make the pavement too hot for dogs to walk on (if it’s too hot for your hand, it’s too hot for their paws). In this book, Paul follows a number of trails through the rich diversity of London, to closely look at the urban forest, and discover the stories and secrets it holds. You’ll discover some of the species found here, and the people who helped to shape this remarkable environment over many centuries.
How Well Do You Know Your Trees?
We all love trees, but it’s good to learn which trees are which, and so you know what wildlife to look out for, which ones to avoid planting near pets, and a respect for trees, always leads to better ‘tree welfare’ (not throwing rubbish near them etc). Paul Wood is London’s expert on street trees. He runs The Street Tree (a local website), London Tree Walks (from an hour to a whole day), London’s Street Trees ( a guide to the city’s 300-odd species) and Great Trees of London Map (rare species, magnificent oaks, a 2000-year old yew and flowering cherries).
Ghost Trees: Nature & People in a London Parish is by Bob Gilbert who began to record the natural world of his inner city patch, when he moved to the East End. This This personal exploration of trees has helped to shape the London district of Poplar. Drawing from natural history, poetry and painting, he reveals the hidden influences that lost landscapes (the ‘ghost trees’) have had on the shape of the city.
If planting trees, see toxic plants to avoid near pets (also avoid cocoa/pine/rubber mulch and fresh compost near pets). Fruit trees & pips are toxic to pets, as are many trees (including oaks with acorns and yew) to horses. Never grow indoor trees/foliage near windows, to help stop birds flying into windows.
- Alder Trees are small trees that are often found by rivers, they have small pine cones.
- Beech trees are tall with big branches that host wildlife and birds.
- Elder trees have small scented petals, used to make elderflower, used in English wines and organic cordial.
- Hazel trees are found near hedgerows, with warm leaves. The nuts are loved by dormice and woodpeckers, squirrels, mice and voles.
- Hawthorn trees are found near hedgerows and form barriers, as natural hedges. Last century, farmers planted around 200,000 miles of them, but most have now gone. With beautiful blossoms, these trees are loved by birds for nesting away from predators. Many moths can only live on this tree, and the pollen is also loved by bees.
- Holly (toxic to pets) is a spiky shrub, lives 300 years.
- Horse Chestnut originated from Turkey and drops conkers in autumn (toxic to pets and horses). With white spring flowers, some say it looks a Christmas tree with lights.
- Larch trees came from Europe. These conifers are adored by birds, moths and squirrels. The bark is pink-brown.
- Lime trees are originally from the Mediterranean. The sweet scents waft over many parks, and people can admire the pretty heart-shaped leaves. Bees love this tree, as do moth caterpillars. It can live up to 500 years.
- Silver Birch trees are pretty unique, so you likely know them already. Mushrooms often grow on the silver trunk. Birds like to feed on insects, found in the branches.
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Oak trees live for up to 1000 years, and are often found in large parks. It gives home to many creatures and drops acorns. - Rowan trees are fast-growing trees that are mostly found in northern England and Scotland. It prefers cold weather (it grows well in Norway) and has beautiful red berries.
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Sycamore trees are not native, but grow here nonetheless. Very tolerant of wind and rain, you’ll often find these lovely trees near coastal areas. They are loved by moths, bees, birds and mammals for their pollen. -
Weeping Willow is often the favourite tree for many, its beautiful falling branches teeming with gorgeous leaves. It often drapes into the water, to shelter native wildlife.
What We Can Learn from Trees
Trees are more than ‘giant statues’ but rather the lungs of the planet, which also give home to wildlife the world over. They prevent floods, cool us down, reduce crime and offer shelter. Yet trees are chopped down to build books, furniture, houses and even HS2 fast train that won’t get used, and won’t even prevent climate change (England’s most loved pear was recently flattened, after standing regally in Warwickshire for over 200 years).
If planting trees, see toxic plants to avoid near pets (also avoid cocoa/pine/rubber mulch and fresh compost near pets). Fruit trees & pips are toxic to pets, as are many trees (including oaks with acorns and yew) to horses. Never grow indoor trees/foliage near windows, to help stop birds flying into windows.
Think Like a Tree is a book on how we can apply the wisdom of the natural world, to our own lives. This book reveals the underlying principles of how trees have evolved: finding purpose, solving problems, building resilience, creating ideal conditions to thrive, and leaving a lasting legacy.
Walks in the Wild offers a guide through the forest, with Peter Wohlleben, a forester from Germany who has written several books on what we can learn from nature and wildlife. In this charming book, he takes you on a journey of discovery. You’ll learn how to find your way in a forest without a compass, know which trees to shelter in a storm, how to tell apart a deciduous and coniferous tree, how to read animal tracks and learn what it’s like to spend a night in a forest. Peter is also author of The Hidden Life of Trees (learn how tree parents live together with children, communicate with other, support each other as they grow, share nutrients with those who are sick and warn each other of impending dangers).
A Tree a Day immerses you in tree facts, and photograph and art by nature writer Amy-Jane Beer, a tour of the world’s woodlands from mysterious ginkos to historical oaks. Anyone who has sat in the dappled shade of a mighty oak or wandered in the blaze of a deciduous woodland in autumn cannot fail and each of the 366 entries reveal the science, natural history or folklore of our great and gracious green neighbours, the history made beneath the branches or the creativity they inspire. From the awesome Californian redwoods, titans of the tree world to tiny but exquisite bonsai the japanese springtime tradition of hanami (blossom viewing. And learn how trees support life on earth as we know it. Forest bathing in book form.
The Oak Papers is a stunning meditation by James Canton, who spent 2 years sitting with and studying the Honywood Oak, which would have been a sapling, when the Magna Carta was signed. Initially visiting the tree for escape and solitude, in time he learns to study it more closely, and how our long-standing dependency on oak trees has morphed into myth and legend. A book on the lessons we can learn from the natural world, if only we slow down enough to listen.
Tree: A Life Story (recycled paper) is a beautiful collaboration between a writer and an environmentalist, detailing the story of a tree’s lifetime over several hundred years. The story begins the moment the seed is released from the cone to 500 years later, as it lies on the forest floor, giving life to ferns, mosses and hemlocks – even as its own life is ending.
Books to Teach Children About Trees
Around the World in 80 Trees is a beautifully illustrated guide to the world’s trees that give us food and medicine. Also meet trees with ancient legends and record-breaking trees! The book includes a stunning central gatefold that opens out to reveal all 80 trees, and how they relate to each other.
See make your garden safe for pets, to know toxic trees, mulch and other items to avoid near animal friends. Some trees (like yew and oak) are toxic to horses.
A visual celebration of the huge variety of trees found across the world, this is a lovely book to encourage young readers to live a greener lifestyle, in order to protect them.
- Where is Methuselah (the oldest tree on earth?)
- Why is the baobab’s trunk so fat?
- Learn about the lifecycle of trees
- How trees communicate with each other
- Why trees are vital for Earth’s health
Ben Lerwill is an award-winning travel writer, who has written for newspapers, Rough Guides and National Geographic Traveller.
Trees are the best way to reverse climate change, as they give out oxygen and take in carbon dioxide. They also help to prevent flooding by soaking up rain, buffer the wind, stop heat island effect that makes cities too warm, and provide free food (and often homes) for humans, birds and native wildlife. Some of the best ways to prevent deforestation are choosing recycled paper and furniture, and getting involved in local tree-planting programs.
If planting trees, see how to make your garden safe for pets, as some trees, plants and mulches are toxic to animals (including horses).
Do Trees Have Mothers? has whimsical art and gentle text, to translate scientific knowledge of the forest, into a beautiful and affirming story on how trees nurture the young. Discover how a mother tree protects and nourishes the baby trees of the forest understory, and show young children what it means to care for a community, and for our earth. Did you know that mother trees help seedlings survive, by transferring carbon and nitrogen through the mycorrhizal network? They can even warn baby trees, when there are troublesome bugs about.
What Do You See When You Look at a Tree? Leaves and twigs and branches? Or do you see a real living thing, that moves and breathes and dances? Immerse yourself in this gentle picture book to encourage us to explore our connection with nature. This book explores themes of empathy, mindfulness and personal growth, through the eyes of a child. Beautifully written and illustrated by artist Emma Carlisle, the book has stunning watercolour and hand-finished artwork, with tips on mindfulness at the back of the book.
The Girl Who Planted Trees is an empowering book about one small girl, who inspires her whole village to plant a beautiful forest, on the mountain. When a little girl’s grandad shows her a picture of what the great grey mountain used to look like, she can’t wait to plant a new forest, so the animals can return. After weeks of waiting, a little patch of green appears on the mountain, to give the village hope. Then one day, a terrible storm comes tearing up the alley, destroying every single one of the girl’s saplings. Has her work been for nothing? A lyrical and hopeful book.
Be Thankful for Trees looks at the many ways trees help us. Printed on recycled paper, this book uses lilting rhymes to show how trees help prevent floods, and there is information on forest fires and deforestation. Take an arboreal eco-tour in this gorgeous paean to trees.
All About Trees is a delightfully illustrated colour book, the perfect introduction to the majestic wonders of the wild world – trees! The silent guardians of the earth, trees create the food we eat, the air we breathe and the shelter we need. In this fact-packed guide, young readers can discover the importance of trees, their various species and how they grow from seedling, to towering trunk.
Children can follow the lifecycle of an oak, take a tour of the Amazon rainforest, meet woodland creatures and learn how trees change with the seasons. They can also try practical activities like making leaf rubbings, and planting a seed. Find out about:
- Why trees are so important to people
- How trees change with the seasons
- Types of trees around the world
- Creatures that make their homes in trees
- How to make a leaf rubbing
- How to protect our precious trees
The book includes clear text, vibrant visuals and a glossary of key terms. This beautifully illustrated book is an engaging and accessible introduction to trees, for readers age 5+.
Grow Your Own Organic Fruit Trees
If you know how to grow your own fruit trees, you have a lifetime’s supply of fresh organic fruit, without need to buy at the supermarket. Locally grown fruit is seasonal, free and tastes better. If you only have a small garden, you can still grow your own fruit using miniature fruit trees, or pruning to keep fruit trees to a smaller size.
See make your garden safe for pets to know toxic plants, mulch etc to avoid (fruit pips & seeds are toxic to pets). Use humane safe slug & snail deterrents and use no-dig garden methods. Also see safer alternatives to netting for wildlife. Many trees (including oak and yew) are toxic to horses.
Grow Your Own Mini Fruit Garden shows how to grow organic apples, figs, peaches, plums, strawberries, blackberries and citrus fruits. Find the best small-scale fruit trees, bushes, vines and plants for your climate, learn where to plant them and how to prune them. Grow more food in less space, for years of harvests, even in the smallest of yards.
- Grow A Little Fruit Tree is a lovely book with gorgeous illustrations, to help you grow miniature fruit trees. The secret is Ann Ralph’s special pruning techniques, which keep full-size fruit trees at a fraction of their normal size. Grow apples, plums, cherries, pears, apricots and peaches. Prune with Foxgloves (vegan).
- The Fruit Tree Handbook is a clear practical guide to grow apples, pears, plums, cherries, apricots, peaches and nectarines. Ben will also show you how to grow less common fruits like mulberries, medlars and figs. Plus you’ll find tips on restoring old orchards.
- The Apple Orchard is the delightful tale of England’s apple-growing orchards. ‘An orchard is not a field. It’s not a forest or a copse. It couldn’t occur naturally; it’s definitely cultivated. But an orchard doesn’t override the natural order.
- Community Orchards Handbook you how to grow an orchard and tackle legal issues regards selling produce. Plus you’ll get tips on ‘apple mapping’, saving local apples, harvesting and examples of community orchards. We have lost 60% of our orchards due to development and neglect, so must preserve the remaining 3000 varieties of apples.
- Tree 2 My Door sells fruit trees in plastic-free packaging. Measure your space (outdoor trees need lots of sunlight and water with well-drained soil). Indoor fruit trees should not be placed near central heating. With help, you can grow blueberries, plums, cherries, apples, pears and even satsumas and citrus fruits (toxic near pets).